A. K. M. Skarpelis

“Anxious Order” is a transdisciplinary investigation into how racial supremacies endure: Not through stability, but through constant repair. Centering experts in the state’s semi-periphery—anthropologists, doctors, and computer scientists—the book examines how they maintain and defend whiteness and its cognates. Rather than a stable dominant category merely requiring enforcement, whiteness emerges as a fragile status, upheld through knowledge and power. Drawing on multilingual archival records, the book analyzes three pivotal moments in global race-making: its eighteenth-century solidification in French Enlightenment medicine, its apex and crisis in mid-twentieth century Nazi Germany, and its twenty-first century resurgence in Artificial Intelligence frameworks.