Albert Monshan Wu

This dissertation examines how German missionaries and Chinese Christians contested and negotiated the future of Christianity in China from the 1860s to the 1940s. Through these encounters, Christianity adapted to global threats, such as Communism, and responded to particular enemies, such as Confucianism. Chinese Christians challenged Western missionaries to re-think tenets of Christian theology. This dissertation contributes to several scholarly literatures: the globalization of Christianity, European responses to secularization, and the history of Christianity in China. By presenting a transnational narrative of change for both Europe and China, this dissertation illustrates the ways in which Christianity had to embrace particulars in order to become more global.